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arts-media

Writers and Authors

Originate and prepare written material, such as scripts, stories, advertisements, and other material.

Median Annual Pay
$73,690
Range: $40,900 - $148,240
Training Time
4-5 years
AI Resilience
🟠In Transition
Education
Bachelor's degree

🎬Career Video

📋Key Responsibilities

  • Develop advertising campaigns for a wide range of clients, working with an advertising agency's creative director and art director to determine the best way to present advertising information.
  • Vary language and tone of messages based on product and medium.
  • Present drafts and ideas to clients.
  • Discuss with the client the product, advertising themes and methods, and any changes that should be made in advertising copy.
  • Review advertising trends, consumer surveys, and other data regarding marketing of goods and services to determine the best way to promote products.
  • Write articles, bulletins, sales letters, speeches, and other related informative, marketing and promotional material.

💡Inside This Career

The writer creates content—from novels and journalism to corporate communications and technical documentation—in a profession that spans artistic expression and commercial necessity. A typical day for freelance or creative writers involves hours of solitary writing, research, revisions, and the business tasks of pitching, invoicing, and finding work. Staff writers follow more structured schedules around deadlines. Perhaps 50% of time goes to actual writing—drafting, revising, and polishing content. Another 25% involves research and preparation: understanding topics, conducting interviews, and gathering the material that informs writing. The remaining time splits between business development, editing, and the administrative work that freelance careers require. The work is fundamentally solitary, with long periods of isolation punctuated by deadline intensity.

People who thrive as writers combine language facility with discipline and tolerance for the rejection and uncertainty that characterize the profession. Successful writers develop their voice while remaining adaptable to market demands and editor feedback. They maintain productivity despite the isolation that writing requires. Those who struggle often cannot maintain the discipline of regular production without external structure or find the business aspects of freelance writing exhausting. Others fail because they cannot separate their ego from their work, experiencing editorial feedback as personal attack. Burnout affects those who cannot balance the solitary nature of writing with need for human connection.

Writing has produced figures who shaped culture and language, from literary giants to contemporary authors who reach massive audiences. Figures like Stephen King and J.K. Rowling demonstrate commercial success, while literary writers like Toni Morrison have achieved critical recognition. Journalists like Bob Woodward have influenced history. The profession appears in popular culture frequently—writers are common protagonists in films and novels. *Misery* and *The Shining* portrayed writers memorably. The romantic image of the writer persists despite the financial reality most experience.

Practitioners cite the creative fulfillment of expressing ideas in language and the impact of reaching audiences as primary rewards. The flexibility of writing—working from anywhere, setting one's own schedule—appeals to those who value autonomy. Seeing one's work published provides satisfaction that few professions offer. The intellectual engagement with diverse topics prevents monotony. Common frustrations include the financial instability that characterizes most writing careers and the difficulty of gaining attention in oversaturated markets. Many resent the decline in rates for written content and the expectation that writers should produce for exposure rather than payment. The isolation can become loneliness. Rejection is constant and often arbitrary.

This career has no required path—some writers hold MFA degrees, others are entirely self-taught. Success depends on ability, persistence, and often luck in proportions that vary unpredictably. The role suits those who feel compelled to write and can tolerate uncertainty and rejection. It is poorly suited to those who need social interaction throughout the day, require financial stability, or struggle with self-directed work. Compensation varies enormously—most writers earn modest incomes often supplemented by other work, while successful authors and highly-paid journalists and copywriters can earn substantially.

📈Career Progression

1
Entry (10th %ile)
0-2 years experience
$40,900
$36,810 - $44,990
2
Early Career (25th %ile)
2-6 years experience
$52,660
$47,394 - $57,926
3
Mid-Career (Median)
5-15 years experience
$73,690
$66,321 - $81,059
4
Experienced (75th %ile)
10-20 years experience
$100,990
$90,891 - $111,089
5
Expert (90th %ile)
15-30 years experience
$148,240
$133,416 - $163,064

📚Education & Training

Requirements

  • Entry Education: Bachelor's degree
  • Experience: Several years
  • On-the-job Training: Several years
  • !License or certification required

Time & Cost

Education Duration
4-5 years (typically 4)
Estimated Education Cost
$44,118 - $164,730
Public (in-state):$44,118
Public (out-of-state):$91,314
Private nonprofit:$164,730
Source: college board (2024)

🤖AI Resilience Assessment

AI Resilience Assessment

High Exposure + Stable: AI is transforming this work; role is evolving rather than disappearing

🟠In Transition
Task Exposure
High

How much of this job involves tasks AI can currently perform

Automation Risk
High

Likelihood that AI replaces workers vs. assists them

Job Growth
Stable
+4% over 10 years

(BLS 2024-2034)

Human Advantage
Moderate

How much this role relies on distinctly human capabilities

Sources: AIOE Dataset (Felten et al. 2021), BLS Projections 2024-2034, EPOCH FrameworkUpdated: 2026-01-02

💻Technology Skills

Word processing (Microsoft Word, Scrivener)Content management systemsResearch toolsSocial mediaCollaboration platforms

Key Abilities

Written Expression
Written Comprehension
Oral Comprehension
Oral Expression
Fluency of Ideas
Originality
Speech Recognition
Speech Clarity
Near Vision
Deductive Reasoning

🏷️Also Known As

Advertisement Agency Copywriter (Ad Agency Copywriter)Advertisement Copywriter (Ad Copywriter)Advertisement Writer (Ad Writer)Advertising AssociateAdvertising CopywriterAdvertising SpecialistAdvertising WriterArticle WriterAuthorBiographer+5 more

🔗Related Careers

Other careers in arts-media

🔗Data Sources

Last updated: 2025-12-27O*NET Code: 27-3043.00

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