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healthcare-clinical

Physicians

Physicians diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases and injuries across diverse medical specialties, from emergency medicine and surgery to mental health and preventive care. These medical professionals work in hospitals, clinics, private practices, and specialized medical facilities, providing care to patients of all ages. They prescribe medications, perform procedures, interpret diagnostic tests, and collaborate with other healthcare professionals to deliver comprehensive medical treatment.

Median Annual Pay
$240,848
Training Time
8-12 years
AI Resilience
🟒AI-Resilient
Education
Doctoral degree

🎬Career Video

πŸ€–AI Resilience Assessment

AI Resilience Score

Score 4/6: strong human advantage means AI will assist but humans remain essential

🟑AI-Augmented

How we calculated this:

AI Exposure
Medium+1

44% of tasks can be accelerated by AI

Job Growth
Stable+1

+3% projected (2024-2034)

Human Advantage
Strong+2

EPOCH score: 24/25

Total Score4/6
Methodology: v2.0 - GPTs are GPTs / BLS / EPOCH Additive ScoringUpdated: 2026-01-09

πŸ“‹Key Responsibilities

  • β€’Monitor patient before, during, and after anesthesia and counteract adverse reactions or complications.
  • β€’Record type and amount of anesthesia and patient condition throughout procedure.
  • β€’Provide and maintain life support and airway management and help prepare patients for emergency surgery.
  • β€’Administer anesthetic or sedation during medical procedures, using local, intravenous, spinal, or caudal methods.
  • β€’Examine patient, obtain medical history, and use diagnostic tests to determine risk during surgical, obstetrical, and other medical procedures.
  • β€’Position patient on operating table to maximize patient comfort and surgical accessibility.
  • β€’Coordinate administration of anesthetics with surgeons during operation.
  • β€’Decide when patients have recovered or stabilized enough to be sent to another room or ward or to be sent home following outpatient surgery.

πŸ’‘Inside This Career

Physicians begin most days by reviewing patient cases, laboratory results, and imaging studies to prepare for the hours ahead. Whether seeing patients in a clinic, making hospital rounds, or preparing for procedures, they spend considerable time analyzing symptoms, making diagnoses, and developing treatment plans. A cardiologist might review echocardiograms before seeing patients with heart conditions, while an emergency physician could be triaging multiple cases simultaneously. Throughout the day, physicians document their findings, update medical records, and communicate treatment recommendations to patients and their families.

The work environment varies significantly depending on specialization and practice setting. Some physicians split time between outpatient clinics and hospitals, moving from routine check-ups to complex procedures or emergency consultations. A dermatologist might perform skin cancer screenings in the morning and cosmetic procedures in the afternoon, while an anesthesiologist manages pain and sedation across multiple operating rooms. Many physicians collaborate extensively with nurses, physician assistants, specialists from other fields, and support staff to coordinate comprehensive patient care.

Administrative responsibilities weave throughout clinical work, including reviewing test results, consulting with colleagues, and staying current with medical research. Physicians regularly participate in case conferences, quality improvement initiatives, and continuing education to maintain their expertise. Some dedicate time to teaching medical students or residents, while others engage in research projects or administrative leadership roles. The pace can be intense, particularly for those working in emergency medicine or critical care, where life-and-death decisions occur regularly throughout their shifts.

πŸ“ˆCareer Progression

What does this mean?

This shows how earnings typically grow with experience. Entry level represents starting salaries, while Expert shows top earners (90th percentile). Most workers reach mid-career earnings within 5-10 years. Figures are national averages and vary by location and employer.

1
Entry
0-2 years experience
$157,248
$48,223 - $283,046
2
Early Career
2-6 years experience
$202,176
$62,001 - $363,917
3
Mid-Career
5-12 years experience
$224,640
$68,890 - $404,352
4
Senior
10-20 years experience
$280,800
$86,113 - $505,440
5
Expert
15-30 years experience
$336,960
$103,335 - $606,528
Data source: Levels.fyi (close match)

πŸ“šEducation & Training

Requirements

  • β€’Entry Education: Doctoral degree
  • β€’Experience: Extensive experience
  • β€’On-the-job Training: Extensive training
  • !License or certification required

Time & Cost

Education Duration
8-12 years (typically 9)
Estimated Education Cost
$216,716 - $429,344
Public (in-state):$216,716
Public (out-of-state):$331,992
Private nonprofit:$429,344
Source: professional association (2024)
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πŸ’»Technology Skills

Anesthesia information management systemsEHR systems (Epic, Cerner)Patient monitoring softwareDrug database softwareInfusion calculatorsScheduling systemsCardiac imaging softwareECG/monitoring systemsE-prescribing softwarePractice management toolsEHR/EMR systems (Epic, Cerner)Dermatology imaging softwarePractice management softwareE-prescribing toolsMedical billing systems

⭐Key Abilities

β€’Problem Sensitivity
β€’Oral Comprehension
β€’Deductive Reasoning
β€’Written Comprehension
β€’Inductive Reasoning
β€’Oral Expression
β€’Near Vision
β€’Written Expression
β€’Information Ordering
β€’Selective Attention

🏷️Also Known As

PhysiciansAmbulatory AnesthesiologistAnaesthesiologistAnesthesiologistAnesthesiology Pain Management PhysicianAnesthesiology PhysicianAnesthetistCardiac AnesthesiologistGeneral AnesthesiologistMedical Doctor (MD)+20 more

πŸ“‘Medical Specialties

This career includes 19 specialized roles with different focuses and compensation levels.

πŸ”—Related Careers

Other careers in healthcare-clinical

πŸ”—Data Sources

Last updated: 2026-01-09

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